Словообразование

Словообразование автор: Пахомова Виктория Владимировна учитель английского языка высшей квалификационной категории МБОУ «СОШ№32» ЭМР Саратовской области

памятка для учащихся: 1. Прочитав предложение или текст, попытайся определить, какой частью речи нужно заполнить пропуск. Обрати внимание на место этого слова в предложении (каждая часть речи определяется по характерным признакам. Например, существительное можно определить по наличию артикля или прилагательного, а наречия часто стоят в конце предложения или при глаголе) 2. Вспомни суффиксы и приставки, присущие этой части речи. 3. Определи, какое значение (положительное или отрицательное) имеет слово в данном контексте. Обрати внимание на то, что иногда нужно использовать и суффикс и префикс для образования нужного слова, а существительные могут быть как в единственном, так и во множественном числе.

Определи, к какой части речи относятся пропущенные слова. Скажи, какие признаки помогли тебе это сделать 1Jane runs ---, she is the best runner at our school. 2 I saw some --- flowers in the garden. 3 The room was --- decorated. 4 The policemen ---- the thieves. 5 Can you see that tall --- at the corner of the street? It's our new library. 6 Her --- live in Paris. 7 The --- makes us write the tests every lesson. 8 --- I have 5 classes a day. 9 Helen's flat is --- and ---. 10 Mary was dancing so --- that we couln't take our eyes off.

Часть речи Суффикс Префикс Значение Существительное -ment (development, enjoyment) -ness (darkness, coldness) Действие, результат, cредство, процесс, состояние Качество, состояние Глагол -ize (-ise) (organize, advertise) Dis- (disagree, dismiss) Заниматься, становится, приобрести качество Обратное действие, противоположное значению основы, лишение качества

В тексте подчеркните слова, которые являются производными от других слов. К какой части речи они относятся и что помогло это определить. The newspaper is a publication usually issued on a daily or weekly basis, the main function of which is to report news. Many newspapers also provide readers withspecial information, such as weather reports, television schedule, and listings of stock prices. They provide commentary on politics, economics, arts and culture, and sometimes include entertainment features, such as comics and crossword puzzles. Newspapers depend on commercial advertising for their income. The staff of a large newspaper constantly works under pressure of deadlines to bring news as quickly as human energy and technological devices permit. Precursors to modern papers first appeared in Venice , Italy, in the middle of the 14th century. Newspapers as known today , emerged in Britain in the mid-18th century. Ответ следует оформлять так: Publication-publish, usually-usual, weekly-week и т.д.

V+-er=N write+-er=writer, speak+-er=speaker 1 The bears hunt seals and fish, they are wonderful ....... 2 In case of danger giraffs can run fast, they are fast ....... 3 Koalas sleep a lot in eucalyptus trees, they are great...... 4 Giraffes can eat up to 63 kilos of leaves daily, they are great ..... 5 Kangaroos can hop and jump thanks to powerful hind legs, they are the best ..... 6 Polar bears can swim very well, they are really good.....

N+-ful=Adj colour+-ful=colourful N+-y=Adj sun+-y=sunny Adj+-ly=Adv 1 Normally/normal giraffs are silent. 2 Koalas have grey fur/furry coat. 3 Giraffs usually walk slow/slowly. 4 Kangaroos use their powerful/powerfully legs for jumping. 5 Zebras move quick/quickly for their large size. 6 The cold wind/windy land of Arctic is the best place for Polar bears. 7 Giraffes inhabit sand/sandy areas,where you can find some trees. 8 Zebras use their beautiful/beautifully black and white stripes to confuse enemies.

Dolphins are very 1 animals. They like people and sometimes follow the ships. Dolphins are 2 animals.They often play with 3 and never hurt or kill them. Some dolphins save people when they are attacked by sharks. Dolphins don't eat sharks, but they are 4 to them. They frighten sharks by 5 and 6 near them in circles. Dolphins live in 7 water, but they breathe air, because they are mammals. They eat fish when they are 8 . Dolphins never swim alone, they live in families.They are very 9 animals. They have a language and can «speak» to each other. Friend Fun Swim Friendly Swim,Jump salt Hunger Brain

Health, healthy, healthily, healthiness, unhealthy, unhealthily Advertise, advertisement, advertiser, advertising Invent, inventor, invention, inventive 1 He doesn't think about his ---. 2 Fast food is ----. 3 Helen has always been a --- person. 1 I saw an interesting --- in the newspaper. 2 Mr Adams is a very successful ---. 3 He works for an --- company. 4 They --- fashionable clothes and cosmetic products. 1 His --- revolutionized the science. 2 Alexander Popov--- the radio. 3 John is rather ---, he helped us to solve the problem of New Year illumination. It was fantastic. 4 Alexander Bell was the --- of the telephone.

verb noun adjective adverb ? danger ? 1 2 dangerously ? protection ? 1 2 unprotected - - ? ? enviromnentally - industry ? - pollute ? 1 2 3 ? 1 2 - - ? natural ? - ? ? powerfully - ecology ? ? ? use ? 1 2 ?

На основе таблицы заполняем в тексте пропуски: Nowadays (ecology) problems have become urgent. People cut down forests and many species of birds and animals lose their (nature) habitats. Some of them have already become extinct, while others are (danger), like Siberian tigers or cheetahs. Besides, a lot of factories and plants pour down (industry) wastes, which cause water (pollute). To make our planet green and clean, governments should make laws to (unprotected) nature. First of all, (pollute) must pay money. People should not dump (use) materials in forests and hedgerows. As for the animals, we should create (protect) areas , where animals could live in their natural (environmentally). Doing so, we can stop their dying out.

Источники: 1 Longman Exams Dictionary. Pearsons Longman , 2007 2 Е.Н. Соловова, И.Е.Солокова. State exam miximiser. Pearsons Longman, 2007 3 А.П.Старков, Б.С.Островский, Диксон Р.Р. Учебник английского языка для средней школы. 11 класс. Москва: АСТ, 1999. 4 Л.И.Романова. Английская лексика в тестах. Москва: Айрис пресс, 2004. 5 М.В.Вербицкая, К.С.Махмурян. ЕГЭ по иностранным языкам — на все 100! Москва:ЛИО Паблишинг групп, 2009.